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Posts published in “Grammar”

ber- + -an : Reciprocality

When the suffix -an is attached to a ber- verb simultaneously, the verb forms intransitive verbs. It can indicate reciprocality. It means the verbs indicate mutual…

The negative form

The negative ‘tidak'(not) can combine with some adjectives to form a compound base for ke-..-an nouns, i.e. ke – ROOT WORD – an. These correspond to English…

In prefixed words

The confix ke- + -an can be also attached to words that already have a prefix, such as ber-, se-. Word with Prefix ber- Root: ada [there,…

To form a verb

Many ke + Noun/Adverb + an that form verbs indicate that the subject experiences or suffers from something over which the subject has no control.  Suffer from Certain Conditions…

Dual Meaning

Some ke- + -an words have two meanings. Depending on how we use them, they may indicate one thing or the other. Root word ke-…

To form an adjective

Sense of Excessiveness To form an adjective with a sense of excessiveness and translate into English as ‘too + adjective’ (for example, too small, too…

To form a noun

Confix ‘ke – an’ can form nouns from adjectives, verbs and other classes. Such nouns are generally of an abstract nature. To Identify a State or Condition…

To elaborate the situation

In certain situation, intransitive verb with confix ‘me- + -i’ may have adverbs to elaborate the situation or need a preposition to indicate place. For…

To indicate repeated action

Suffix -i can be added simultaneously with prefix me- to a number of simple transitive verbs to indicate that the action is performed more than once. This…

To show the distance

With bases which indicate approximation or relative position the suffix -i verb means ‘become the distance indicated by the base from the object‘.Root: lalu (past, through) There’s…

With reference to object

Suffix -i with noun bases can mean ‘act as/be (base) with reference to object‘. Just like in the previous examples, we will need to apply confix,…

To remove from object

In the following example we will need to apply confix, i.e. prefix me- and suffix -i. Confix is a synonym of circumfix. But as nouns, confix is (linguistics) an affix…

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