If the base is adjective, the object is caused to have the quality specified by the base
For example:
Root: bersih (clean – adjective or to clean – verb)
- You add the suffix -kan: bersih+kan → The verb ‘bersihkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Clean it!”
- The word ‘bersihkan!’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + m + bersihkan → membersihkan
- In a sentence: Saya membersihkan mobil saya.
- Meaning: I clean my car.
Root: putih – white
- You add the suffix -kan: putih+kan → The verb ‘putihkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Whiten it!”
- The word ‘putihkan’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + m + putihkan → memutihkan – to whiten
- In a sentence: Banyak wanita Asia mencoba memutihkan kulit mereka dengan madu.
- Meaning:Many Asian women try to whiten their skin with honey.
Some of the adjectives produce unrelated verbal bases.
Root: gelap – dark
- You add the suffix -kan: putih+kan → The verb ‘gelapkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Darken it!”
- The word ‘gelapkan’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + ng + gelapkan → menggelapkan – to embezzle
- In a sentence: Ia ditangkap karena menggelapkan uang perusahaan.
- Meaning: He was arrested for embezzling company money.
Root: indah – beautiful
- You add the suffix -kan: putih+kan → The verb ‘indahkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Beautify it!”
- The word ‘indahkan’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + ng + indahkan → mengindahkan – to pay attention
- In a sentence: Banyak orang tidak mengindahkan larangan berkumpul selama pandemi.
- Meaning: Many people ignore the ban on gathering during the pandemic.
The following words have the same meaning as a root words but they have different meaning after affixation.
Root: benar – correct
- You add the suffix -kan: putih+kan → The verb ‘benarkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Allow/Justify it!”
- The word ‘benarkan’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + m + benarkan → membenarkan – to correct, to confirm, to approve
- In a sentence: Sudin membenarkan bahwa orang itu bukanlah warganegara Indonesia.
- Meaning: Many people ignore the ban on gathering during the pandemic.
Root: betul – correct
- You add the suffix -kan: putih+kan → The verb ‘betulkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Fix it!”
- The word ‘betulkan’ becomes the base word/verb
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + m + betulkan → membetulkan – to correct, to fix.
- In a sentence: Sudin sedang membetulkan televisi yang rusak.
- Meaning: Sudin is repairing the broken television.