Suffix Variation
- in
The use of prefix 'me' (e.g. membeli), suffix 'kan'(e.g. lupakan) and 'i'(tunggui) or both(e.g. melupakan or menunggui) as an active verb is mostly used in a formal situation.
In daily conversation both prefix and suffix is nasalized by adding the suffix 'in' instead of 'kan' or 'i' and dropping the prefix 'me'. Usually the root word changes accordingly.
For passive verbs such as 'di-tinggal-kan' becomes 'di-tinggal-in'.
Examples
| Formal | Application | In a Sentence |
Meaning |
| mengambilkan | ambilin | Ambilin buku saya dong | Could you please get my book |
| diambilkan | diambilin | Buku saya diambilin oleh supir saya | My book is fetched by my driver |
| mengambilkan | ngambilin | Dia ngambilin saya buku itu | She's getting me that book |
| meninggalkan | ninggalin | Dia ninggalin saya | She left me |
| pikirkan | pikirin | Pikirin baik-baik | Think about it carefully |
| memikirkan | mikirin | Dia nggak pernah mikirin orang lain | He never thinks about other people |
| tanyakan | tanyain | Tanyain berapa harganya | Ask him how much it is |
| menanyakan | nanyain | Kemarin Sinta nanyain kamu | Sinta was asking about you yesterday |
| Carikan | cariin | Kamu dicariin semua orang | Everybody was looking for you |
| membawakan | bawain | Saya bawain makanan besok | I'll bring the food tomorrow |
| menunggui | tungguin | Ibu saya nungguin bapak di rumah sakit. | My mother is staying with my father(who is sick) in the hospital |
| menunggu | nungguin | Saya nungguin kamu dari tadi | I have been waiting for you |
| merepotkan | ngerepotin | Maaf ya . kalo ngerepotin | I apologize for causing the trouble. |
| biarkan | biarin | Biarin aja | Let it be |
- an
Unlike the formal grammar, in daily conversation suffix - an transforms an adjective into a comparative form. This rule only applies to adjective that ends with a consonant.
Examples
| Root Word | Suffix -an | In A Sentence | Remarks | |
| gampang | gampangan | easier | Ujian tahun ini gampangan dibanding ujian tahun lalu | slang |
| Ujian tahun in lebih gampang dibanding ujian tahun lalu | informal | |||
| Ujian tahun ini lebih mudah dibanding ujian tahun lalu | formal | |||
| This year's exam is easier than last year | meaning | |||
| pinter | pinteran | smarter | Pinteran mana Susi sama adiknya? | slang |
| Siapa lebih pinter, Susi atau adiknya? | informal | |||
| Siapa yang lebih pintar*(pandai), Susi atau adiknya? | formal | |||
| Who is smarter, Susi or her younger sister? | meaning | |||
| * pinter is a slang form of pintar | ||||